ABSTRACT
β-N-acetylglucosaminidases (NAGases) can convert natural substrates such as chitin or chitosan to N-acetyl-β-D glucosamine (GlcNAc) monomer that is wildly used in medicine and agriculture. In this study, the BcNagZ gene from Bacillus coagulans DMS1 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant protein was secreted into the fermentation supernatant and the expression amount reached 0.76 mg/mL. The molecular mass of purified enzyme was 61.3 kDa, and the specific activity was 5.918 U/mg. The optimal temperature and pH of the BcNagZ were 75 °C and 5.5, respectively, and remained more than 85% residual activity after 30 min at 65 °C. The Mie constant Km was 0.23 mmol/L and the Vmax was 0.043 1 mmol/(L·min). The recombinant BcNagZ could hydrolyze colloidal chitin to obtain trace amounts of GlcNAc, and hydrolyze disaccharides to monosaccharide. Combining with the reported exochitinase AMcase, BcNagZ could produce GlcNAc from hydrolysis of colloidal chitin with a yield over 86.93%.
Subject(s)
Acetylglucosamine , Acetylglucosaminidase , Bacillus coagulans , Chitin , Chitinases , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Recombinant Proteins/geneticsABSTRACT
Resumen La nutrición y salud de los lactantes es de vital importancia en la sociedad actual. Los probióticos surgen como suplementos para la innovación de alimentos funcionales para lactantes. El objetivo de esta revisión fue conocer cuáles probióticos son los más empleados en el desarrollo de nuevos productos alimenticios funcionales para lactantes. Se contó con más de cincuenta referencias bibliográficas que tuvieran el desarrollo de alimentos funcionales a partir de una bacteria probiótica y sus beneficios en salud, publicadas en las siguientes bases de datos: EBSCO HOST, PLOS y DOAJ. Se encontró que el Bacillus coagulans surge como una alternativa que mejora las condiciones de biodisponibilidad, y se encontraron estudios que indagan por beneficios de los probióticos en el aspecto antropométrico. Reconociendo los beneficios de los probióticos en la salud de los lactantes, su aplicación exige mayor cumplimiento de criterios de la Sociedad Europea de Gastroenterología, Hepatología y Nutrición Pediátrica. MÉD.UIS.2019;32(2): 31-9
Abstract The nutrition and infant's health is vitally important in today's society. The probiotics arise as supplements for the innovation of functional foods for infants. The objective of this review was to find out which probiotics are currently most used in the development of new functional food products for infants. We counted on more than fifty bibliographical references about the development of functional foods from a probiotic bacterium and its healthy benefits, published in the following databases: EBSCO HOST, PLOS and DOAJ. It was found that Bacillus Coagulans emerges as an alternative that improves bioavailability conditions, and studies that investigate the benefits of probiotics in anthropometric aspect. Recognizing the benefits of probiotics in the health of infants, its application requires greater compliance with criteria of the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. MÉD.UIS.2019;32(2): 31-9
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Probiotics , Bacteria , Anthropometry , Health , Functional Food , Nutritional Sciences , Bacillus coagulans , Gastroenterology , InfantABSTRACT
Introdução: O aumento da demanda por alimentos funcionais, os quais incluem os suplementados ou fermentados por microrganismos probióticos, resultou no avanço da pesquisa e desenvolvimento de novas cepas potencialmente probióticas. Os microrganismos probióticos pertencentes ao gênero Bacillus spp. são atraentes devido a sua estabilidade inerente de bactérias formadoras de esporos. Os esporos permitem uma vida de prateleira prolongada e aumentam a capacidade do microrganismo de sobreviver às barreiras gástricas, que se revelam uma vantagem sobre os lactobacilos. Objetivo: Foram realizados experimentos para o desenvolvimento tecnológico de duas cepas formadoras de esporos de Bacillus coagulans BVB1 e BVB5 como potenciais microrganismos probióticos objetivando avaliar o potencial probiótico dos mesmos. Método: Como primeira etapa, as caracterizações fenotípica e genotípica identificaram que a cepa BVB1 não era B. coagulans e sim B. subtilis. Os estudos seguiram com a cinética da fermentação/esporulação apenas da cepa de Bacillus coagulans BVB5. Conclusão: O desafio da esporulação de Bacillus coagulans BVB5 foi vencido, fato que pode ser verificado na cinética da fermentação que apresentou resultados superiores a 99% de grau de esporulação
Introduction: The increased demand for functional foods, which include those supplemented or fermented by probiotic microorganisms, resulted in the advancement of research and development of new potentially probiotic strains. Probiotic microorganisms Bacillus spp. Are attractive because of their inherent stability of spore forming bacteria. Spores allow prolonged shelf life and increase the ability to survive gastric barriers, which prove to be an advantage over lactobacilli. Objective: Experiments were performed for the technological development of Bacillus coagulans BVB1 and BVB5 as potential probiotic microorganisms with two strains of Bacillus coagulans aiming to evaluate the efficacy of probiotic product composed of spore forming microorganism (Bacillus coagulans strains BVB1 and BVB5). Method: As a first step, phenotypic and genotypic characterization identified that the BVB1 strain was not B. coagulans but B. subtilis. Although Bacillus subtilis strain BVB1 presented a technological potential to be used as a probiotic strain in food additives, the studies followed with the kinetics of fermentation/sporulation of Bacillus coagulans BVB5, in agreement with the master's project originally proposed. Conclusion: The challenge of sporulation of Bacillus coagulans BVB5 was overcome, a fact that can be verified with the results of fermentation kinetic which presented sporulation degree more than 99%